Technical Faculty in Bor

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Limit values of wastewater emissions of the textile industry and their influence on the sustainable management of water resources
(Union of Engineers and Textile Technicians of Serbia, Belgrade, 2024) Stefanović, Violeta ; Urošević, Snežana; Mladenović-Ranisavljević, Ivana; Takić, Ljiljana
The textile and clothing sector has been changing rapidly over the past years as a result of technological development and changes in economic conditions, as well as increasing competitive pressure, which also caused the restructuring of companies, modernization of production and adaptation to technological changes. As a consequence of this very development of technology and industrialization, major problems have arisen regarding the pollution of natural waters with various contaminants that are discharged from the technological processes of the textile industry into the recipients. Compliance with the legal regulations regarding the limit values of emission of polluting substances that are released into recipients is of exceptional importance in the preservation and sustainable management of water resources. In this regard, the aim of the work is to point out significant mechanisms and instruments for managing harmful substances present in the production processes of the textile industry, which are needed to ensure the sustainable management of water resources and indicate protective measures in this important segment of the environment. The obtained results indicate that this research can be successfully used as a model in the management of the quality of the working and living environment.
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The role of textile recycling in the circular economy model
(University Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Skopje, North Macedonia, 2024) Urošević, Snežana; Vuković, Milovan
The circular economy leads large companies to change their way of doing business and introduce measures to reduce the negative impact on the environment. Likewise, the circular economy leads individuals to reconsider their attitude towards waste. For the circular economy model to come to life, it is not enough to take care of waste management only within companies, it is also very important that each individual contributes. As raw materials are increasingly scarce and materials are increasingly expensive, the operational management of material flows is becoming increasingly important for companies. By moving from a linear to a circular business model, we face technological, structural, and personnel changes and challenges. The circular economy must strive to achieve sustainable development at the global level, which should represent a profitable economic system that will enable consumers not to endanger the environment when using products. All these goals can be achieved by extending the life of the product, but also by recycling. The application of a circular economy model in which waste is viewed as a strategic raw material is one of the ways to ensure the long-term supply of raw materials in the textile sector. The paper analyzes the state and chances of successful and efficient operation of the textile and clothing industry of Serbia by creating a new raw material base, where special attention should be paid to the economic and ecological aspects of efficient operation, i.e. there should be a concept of cost-effective processing of textile waste. In the context of the circular economy model in the textile sector, special emphasis must be placed on the creation of new jobs that arise in the process of textile recycling.
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Application of the circular economy concept in construction and architecture
(University Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Skopje, North Macedonia, 2024) Urošević, Snežana; Urošević, Igor
Applying the concept of circular economy and adhering to circular economy guidelines is a lot more than reducing or recycling waste. By using recycled material, i.e. reusing materials reduces the use of natural resources and the generation of waste. The paper describes the acceptance of the idea of a circular economy in construction, which reduces the total use of resources during the lifetime of buildings. It is about fundamentally rethinking the way buildings are designed, built, and used, allowing for a longer building life, where a return to processes such as depreciation and demolition is avoided. As the global population has doubled since 1970, resource use has tripled to meet demand, which continues to grow. This demand is best seen in the construction industry, which with increasing urbanization and rapid development of cities, leaves a huge mark on the natural environment. It is estimated that the circular economy in construction, by moving to a completely zero-emission regime, could significantly reduce the global CO2 emissions that this industry leaves behind. The transition to a circular economy is accompanied by the saving of resources, the reuse of the built environment, as well as the creation of new specializations and new jobs. Careful management of materials and resources would enable greater savings in the production chain, lower fuel consumption, lower CO2 emissions, less construction waste, and a healthier and cleaner natural environment for everyone.
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Multiple-criteria analysis of the employee satisfaction level at healthcare facilities during the pandemic
(Taylor & Francis, 2024) Mladenović-Ranisavljević, Ivana; Stefanović, Violeta; Urošević, Snežana; Ilić Stojanović, Snežana
Due to the pandemic, the entire staff employed in healthcare institutions were directly exposed to longer working hours and unstable working conditions. Based on these facts, the research in this article aims to find out more about employees’ satisfaction with working conditions and management’s engagement in preserving their health and safety. Thus, a multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) model based on the analyzed attitudes and opinions of employees was formed to reveal the interdependencies between working conditions resulting from the undertaken management activities, employee satisfaction and workplace safety. The results show that both nurses and drivers were least satisfied with working conditions during the pandemic while indicating those workplaces to be the most endangered. Additionally, the proposed model can be successfully applied to any type of organization to identify insufficiently effective management activities, address them accordingly and thereby improve the level of employee satisfaction.
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Negative effects of fast fashion on the environment
(University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Technology, 2024) Urošević, Snežana; Urošević, Igor; Jovanović, Marina
Due to the development of fast fashion, the negative impacts of textile industry products on the environment have increased tremendously. Fast fashion is based on cheap products, usually of low quality and their products are based on trends, which is why their use stops after they stop being trendy, not because of their damage or loss of functionality. As fast fashion is based on the constant creation of new styles and clothes that are based on them and that are sold at very low prices, the products are used in a faster way for one or at most two seasons and then thrown away. The development of fast fashion has led to an extremely large increase in the amount of clothing that is thrown away, despite the fact that it is still completely usable. In this way, large amounts of waste are created, which in most cases are difficult to recycle, which is why they are disposed of in landfills. The relevance of this work lies in the increasing interest in environmental protection. The aim of this paper is to provide a contribution to the understanding of the complex problems arising from large amounts of textile waste that negatively affect the environment, as well as to offer solutions to reduce the negative effects in order to preserve the environment and promote the sustainability of the textile industry.