Technical Faculty in Bor
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Raspberry and blackberry grown in Serbia from the aspect of the green agenda
(Naučno-stručno Društvo za zaštitu životne sredine Srbije ECOLOGICA, 2024) Zdravković, Milica; Grekulović, Vesna; Štrbac, Nada; Zdravković, Bojan; Gorgievski, Milan; Marković, Miljan; Marković, Marina
Serbia is one of the leading countries in the world in terms of raspberry and blackberry production. Production is focused on the cultivation of raspberries and blackberries for the purpose of the fruit selling, so large amounts of leaves of these two plants remain unused on plantations or are burned. In tradicional medicine, the healing effects of raspberry leaves and blackberry leaves are known, but due to the large production, it is impossible to use all the leaves for these purposes. Newer research indicates numerous possibilities of application of raspberry leaves and blackberry leaves. An important aspect is the use of raspberries and blackberries that grow near the mine. In addition to being used in medicine and pharmacy, extracts can be used as metal corrosion inhibitors. Depleted plant mass that can be used for biosorption, as a binding agent and starting component of cellulose production. Obtaining the extract instead of burning the leaves fulfills the first condition of the Green Agenda, which is decarbonization and reduction of industrial emissions. Environmental pollution is reduced with a focus on air quality. Better energy efficiency is achieved by an adequate selection of extragens. The circular economy is achieved by a system in which production resources (fruit and leaves) are encouraged, and waste, waste emission and energy outflow are significantly reduced. In addition to encouraging the economy and sustainable plant food systems that are characteristic of the Western Balkans, protection and investment in ecosystems is achieved.
Malina i kupina gajene u Srbiji sa aspekta Zelene agende
(Naučno-stručno Društvo za zaštitu životne sredine Srbije ECOLOGICA, 2024) Zdravković, Milica; Grekulović, Vesna; Štrbac, Nada; Zdravković, Bojan; Gorgievski, Milan; Marković, Miljan; Marković, Marina
Srbija je jedna od vodećih zemalja u svetu po proizvodnji maline i kupine. Proizvodnja je usmerena na gajenje maline i kupine radi prodaje ploda, pa velike količine lista ove dve biljke ostaju neiskorišćene na plantažama ili bivaju spaljene. U narodnoj medicini je poznato lekovito dejstvo lista maline i lista kupine, ali je zbog velike proizvodnje nemoguće iskorititi svu količinu listova u ove svrhe. Novija istraživanja ukazuju na brojne mogućnosti primene lista maline i lista kupine. Važan aspekt predstavlja upotreba maline i kupine koja raste u blizini rudnika. Pored upotrebe u medicini i farmaciji ekstrakti se mogu koristiti kao inhibitori korozije metala. Osiromašena biljna masa se može primeniti za biosorpciju, kao vezivno sredstvo i polazna komponenta proizvodnje celuloze. Dobijanjem ekstrakta umesto spaljivanja listova ispunjava se prvi uslov Zelene agende, a to je dekarbonizacija i smanjenje industrijskih emisija. Smanjuje se zagađenje životne sredine sa fokusom na kvalitet vazduha. Adekvatnim izborom ekstragensa postiže se bolja energetska efikasnost. Cirkularna ekonomija se postiže sistemom u okviru kojeg se podstiču proizvodni resursi (plod i list), a otpad, emisija otpada i energetski odliv bitno umanjuju. Pored podsticanja privrede i održivih prehrambenih sistema biljaka koje su karakteristične za Zapadni Balkan, postiže se zaštita i investiranje u ekosisteme.
Application of AI in environmental protection: corrosion and biosorption
(Naučno-stručno Društvo za zaštitu životne sredine Srbije ECOLOGICA, 2025) Zdravković, Milica; Marković, Miljan; Marković, Marina; Grekulović, Vesna; Gorgievski, Milan; Štrbac, Nada; Božinović, Kristina
Artificial intelligence (AI) plays an important role in the field of scientific research. This paper aims to review the application of AI in corrosion and biosorption. The use of AI can advance the research process in terms of prediction, environmental and cost management, optimization and determination of the influence of parameters. Corrosion is a highly complex process that depends on many factors. Studying the interaction of these factors using AI enables better corrosion control. By applying AI, it is possible to determine the diverse influence of factors under real conditions using the database of numerous researches. In addition to the prevention and monitoring of corrosion and biosorption processes, it is important to focus the application of AI on environmentally friendly methods and chemicals. In this way, it is possible to identify compounds and materials of natural origin that can serve as substitutes for toxic compounds for corrosion protection or heavy metal removal. The importance of using non-destructive methods and monitoring data in real time is particularly emphasized, in order to avoid statistical errors. Optimization with the RSM method for corrosion and biosorption processes is widely used, determining process parameters where the best effect of corrosion protection and biosorption is achieved.
White willow bark extract as a copper corrosion inhibitor in 0.5 M NaCl solution
(University of Split, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, 2025) Zdravković, Milica; Grekulović, Vesna; Štrbac, Nada; Huseinović, Edina; Gorgievski, Milan; Marković, Miljan; Božinović, Kristina
Corrosion can generally be defined as the degradation of materials in a reaction between the material and its environment.1 Due to its corrosive effects, the corrosion of copper and its alloys in chloride-containing media has been widely studied.2 Copper Cu-DHP is phosphorus-oxygen-free copper that does not contain arsenic and is mainly used for the manufacture of piping, construction, and appliances.3 The study of white willow bark extract (WWBE) on the corrosion process of Cu-DHP in a 0.5 M NaCl solution was carried out using a non-destructive electrochemical method of electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The 0.5 M NaCl solutions without and with the addition of WWBE (0.1-0.5 g/L) were used as electrolytes. The 0.5 M NaCl solution with the addition of 0.5 g/L WWBE, without and with a copper plate was analyzed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS). The white willow bark extract was prepared by evaporating the aqueous extract obtained by extracting dry white willow bark, with distilled water. The experiments were carried out at room temperature. The EFM results show that WWBE acts as a cathodic copper corrosion inhibitor.4 The highest value for the inhibition efficiency was obtained in the 0.5 M NaCl solution with 0.5 g/L WWBE. The Bode and Nyquist diagrams were created based on the EIS results. The results were fitted using an electrochemical equivalent circuit. The Nyquist diagram shows imperfect semicircles due to frequency dispersion.5 A linear line corresponding to the Warburg coefficient was found.4 An increase in the phase angle in the Bode plot in the presence of WWBE indicates the formation of a protective inhibitor film. The calculated values show that the corrosion process is diffusion-controlled without and with the addition of WWBE. Both electrochemical methods show that WWBE is adsorbed on the copper surface in 0.5 M NaCl solution by physisorption according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm4. The Gibbs free energy values of adsorption are similar for EFM and EIS. The UV-VIS results show that immersion of copper in an electrolyte containing 0.5 g/L WWBE for 24 hours leads to a change in the absorbance maximum, indicating the presence of a copper-WWBE complex.6
UV-VIS identification of copper complexes with inhibitor organic components in the electrolyte
(University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty in Bor, 2025) Zdravković, Milica; Grekulović, Vesna; Huseinović, Edina; Vianello, Robert; Štrbac, Nada; Huremovic, Melita; Gorgievski, Milan
The UV-VIS method is an effective, non-destructive method that enables a better understanding of the electrolyte during corrosion. The aim of the study presented in this paper is to determine the existence of an organometallic complex in a 0.5 M NaCl solution with the addition of Rubus fruticosus L. leaf extract (RFLE). The experiments were conducted in a 0.5 M NaCl solution with the addition of RFLE (5 g/L and 10 g/L) with and without the immersion of a copper coupon. The results show that after the copper coupon standing in the electrolyte, there is a change in the absorbance maximum in the solution with 5 g/L RFLE, while no change is observed in the solution with 10 g/L RFLE. Such a change indicates the existence of a copper-RFLE complex in the solution with lower inhibitor concentration. In the case of RFLE, forming a copper complex with caffeic acid, isoquercetin and astragalin is possible. The absence of the complex at a concentration of 10 g/L RFLE can be attributed to a change in the mechanism and the lack of copper ions in the solution due to adequate corrosion protection.