Enhancing Wastewater Treatment Through Python ANN-Guided Optimization of Photocatalysis with Boron-Doped ZnO Synthesized via Mechanochemical Route

Loading...
Thumbnail Image

Date

2025

Authors

Nedelkovski, Vladan
Radovanović, Milan B.
Medić, Dragana
Stanković, Sonja
Hulka, Iosif
Tanikić, Dejan
Antonijević, Milan

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Publisher

MDPI

Source

Processes

Volume

13

Issue

7

Abstract

This study explores the enhanced photocatalytic performance of boron-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles synthesized via a scalable mechanochemical route. Utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), the structural and morphological properties of these nanoparticles were assessed. Specifically, nanoparticles with 1 wt%, 2.5 wt%, and 5 wt% boron doping were analyzed after calcination at temperatures of 500 °C, 600 °C, and 700 °C. The obtained results indicate that 1 wt% B-ZnO nanoparticles calcined at 700 °C show superior photocatalytic efficiency of 99.94% methyl orange degradation under UVA light—a significant improvement over undoped ZnO. Furthermore, the study introduces a predictive model using the artificial neural network (ANN) technique, developed in Python, which effectively forecasts photocatalytic performance based on experimental conditions with R2 = 0.9810. This could further enhance wastewater treatment processes, such as heterogeneous photocatalysis, through ANN-guided optimization.

Description

Keywords

optimization, doped ZnO, nanoparticles, neural networks, photocatalysis

Citation

DOI

10.3390/pr13072240

Scopus

ISSN

2227-9717

ISBN

License

CC-BY

Collections