Melting temperatures and thermal properties of Sn-Bi alloys and composites
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Date
2025
Authors
Stamenković, Uroš
Marković, Ivana
Manasijević, Dragan
Ćosović, Vladan
Gorgievski, Milan
Kovačević, Avram
Nedeljković, Milan
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Fakultet Tehničkih nauka, Kosovska Mitrovica
Source
Zbornik izvoda radov - Dvanaesti simpozijum o termodinamici i faznim dijagramima sa međunarodnim učešćem, Kosovska Mitrovica, 20-21. jun 2025. god.
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Abstract
This study investigates the melting temperatures and thermal properties of tin-bismuth (Sn-Bi) alloys and their composites. The investigation involved the preparation of pure tin, two alloys (SnBi12 and SnBi21, by weight percentage), and two composites (SnBi12 + 0.2 wt.% Cu and SnBi12 + 0.2 wt.% C) through casting. The pure metals were melted in a graphite crucible at 400 °C for 20 minutes, followed by mechanical stirring. During stirring, 0.2 wt.% of pure carbon powder (with a particle size of less than 45 µm) and pure copper powder (also with a particle size of less than 45 µm) were added separately to the SnBi12 melt to create the two different composites. After melting and stirring, the mixture was cast in a steel mold. Samples were extracted from the cast ingots for differential thermal analysis (DTA) to determine the melting temperatures of the investigated samples. Additionally, samples were prepared to assess thermal diffusivity, thermal conductivity, and specific heat using the Xenon flash method at room temperature. The DTA analysis revealed that the melting temperature was the highest for the pure tin sample. The addition of bismuth reduced the melting temperature from 237.43 °C for pure tin to 222.59 °C for SnBi12 and 211.35 °C for SnBi21. The melting temperatures of the SnBi12 + Cu and SnBi12 + C composites were nearly identical to that of the SnBi12 alloy, indicating that the dispersed particles did not influence the melting temperature. Furthermore, thermal diffusivity, thermal conductivity, and specific heat values were lower for the alloys compared to those of the pure tin sample. The composites also exhibited lower thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity values compared to the SnBi12 alloy. In conclusion, bismuth affects both the melting temperature and the thermal properties of Sn-Bi alloys, while Sn-Bi composites influence thermal properties without affecting the melting temperature of Sn-Bi alloys.
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Scopus
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ISBN
978-86-81656-84-6
License
CC-BY