Sustainable Processes of Biosorption of Pb(II) Ions from Synthetic Wastewater Using Waste Biomass from Mullein Leaves

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dc.citation.issue14
dc.citation.rankM22
dc.citation.spage5982
dc.citation.volume16
dc.contributor.authorTasić, Žaklina
dc.contributor.authorNujkić, Maja
dc.contributor.authorSavić Gajić, Ivana
dc.contributor.authorMedić, Dragana
dc.contributor.authorMilić, Snežana
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-19T11:25:50Z
dc.date.available2024-09-19T11:25:50Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate mullein (Verbascum thapsus) as a cost-effective and sustainable adsorbent for the biosorption of Pb(II) ions from synthetic wastewater samples. Biosorption of mullein was investigated as a function of initial Pb(II) concentration (25–400 mg L−1), biosorbent dosage (2–20 g L−1), solution pH (3–7), and contact time (10–120 min). Mullein as a material with a high affinity for Pb(II) ions had a biosorption efficiency of 98.56% under the optimal conditions: pH 6, initial concentration of Pb(II) at 100 mg L−1, contact time of 90 min, and biosorbent dosage of 20 g L−1. The FTIR spectra of mullein leaves showed that oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface are potentially active sites for the biosorption of Pb(II) ions. EDS analysis and the pHPZC value confirmed the adsorption of Pb(II) ions at the active sites of the mullein. Kinetic and isotherm data enabled insights into the modes of Pb(II) biosorption on the mullein surface which were best explained with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Biosorption occurs on the mullein surface via multilayer adsorption. The reusability of mullein showed that the native biosorbents can be reused five times, showing the economic and sustainable benefit of this low-cost biosorbent material.
dc.description.sponsorshipThe research presented in this paper was financially supported by the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia, within the funding of the scientific research work at the University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty in Bor, and University of Niš, Faculty of Technology in Leskovac, according to the contract with registration number 451-03-65/2024-03/200131 and 451-03-65/2024-03/200133.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/su16145982
dc.identifier.issn2071-1050
dc.identifier.urihttps://repozitorijum.tfbor.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5857
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI, Basel, Switzerland
dc.rights.licenseCC-BY
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.sourceSustainability
dc.subjectmullein leaf
dc.subjectlead ions
dc.subjectcost effective and sustainable biosorbent
dc.subjectchemisorption
dc.subjectkinetics
dc.titleSustainable Processes of Biosorption of Pb(II) Ions from Synthetic Wastewater Using Waste Biomass from Mullein Leaves
dc.typearticle
dc.type.versionpublishedVersion

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