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Item Limit values of wastewater emissions of the textile industry and their influence on the sustainable management of water resources(Union of Engineers and Textile Technicians of Serbia, Belgrade, 2024) Stefanović, Violeta ; Urošević, Snežana; Mladenović-Ranisavljević, Ivana; Takić, LjiljanaThe textile and clothing sector has been changing rapidly over the past years as a result of technological development and changes in economic conditions, as well as increasing competitive pressure, which also caused the restructuring of companies, modernization of production and adaptation to technological changes. As a consequence of this very development of technology and industrialization, major problems have arisen regarding the pollution of natural waters with various contaminants that are discharged from the technological processes of the textile industry into the recipients. Compliance with the legal regulations regarding the limit values of emission of polluting substances that are released into recipients is of exceptional importance in the preservation and sustainable management of water resources. In this regard, the aim of the work is to point out significant mechanisms and instruments for managing harmful substances present in the production processes of the textile industry, which are needed to ensure the sustainable management of water resources and indicate protective measures in this important segment of the environment. The obtained results indicate that this research can be successfully used as a model in the management of the quality of the working and living environment.Item The role of textile recycling in the circular economy model(University Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Skopje, North Macedonia, 2024) Urošević, Snežana; Vuković, MilovanThe circular economy leads large companies to change their way of doing business and introduce measures to reduce the negative impact on the environment. Likewise, the circular economy leads individuals to reconsider their attitude towards waste. For the circular economy model to come to life, it is not enough to take care of waste management only within companies, it is also very important that each individual contributes. As raw materials are increasingly scarce and materials are increasingly expensive, the operational management of material flows is becoming increasingly important for companies. By moving from a linear to a circular business model, we face technological, structural, and personnel changes and challenges. The circular economy must strive to achieve sustainable development at the global level, which should represent a profitable economic system that will enable consumers not to endanger the environment when using products. All these goals can be achieved by extending the life of the product, but also by recycling. The application of a circular economy model in which waste is viewed as a strategic raw material is one of the ways to ensure the long-term supply of raw materials in the textile sector. The paper analyzes the state and chances of successful and efficient operation of the textile and clothing industry of Serbia by creating a new raw material base, where special attention should be paid to the economic and ecological aspects of efficient operation, i.e. there should be a concept of cost-effective processing of textile waste. In the context of the circular economy model in the textile sector, special emphasis must be placed on the creation of new jobs that arise in the process of textile recycling.Item Application of the circular economy concept in construction and architecture(University Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Skopje, North Macedonia, 2024) Urošević, Snežana; Urošević, IgorApplying the concept of circular economy and adhering to circular economy guidelines is a lot more than reducing or recycling waste. By using recycled material, i.e. reusing materials reduces the use of natural resources and the generation of waste. The paper describes the acceptance of the idea of a circular economy in construction, which reduces the total use of resources during the lifetime of buildings. It is about fundamentally rethinking the way buildings are designed, built, and used, allowing for a longer building life, where a return to processes such as depreciation and demolition is avoided. As the global population has doubled since 1970, resource use has tripled to meet demand, which continues to grow. This demand is best seen in the construction industry, which with increasing urbanization and rapid development of cities, leaves a huge mark on the natural environment. It is estimated that the circular economy in construction, by moving to a completely zero-emission regime, could significantly reduce the global CO2 emissions that this industry leaves behind. The transition to a circular economy is accompanied by the saving of resources, the reuse of the built environment, as well as the creation of new specializations and new jobs. Careful management of materials and resources would enable greater savings in the production chain, lower fuel consumption, lower CO2 emissions, less construction waste, and a healthier and cleaner natural environment for everyone.Item Multiple-criteria analysis of the employee satisfaction level at healthcare facilities during the pandemic(Taylor & Francis, 2024) Mladenović-Ranisavljević, Ivana; Stefanović, Violeta; Urošević, Snežana; Ilić Stojanović, SnežanaDue to the pandemic, the entire staff employed in healthcare institutions were directly exposed to longer working hours and unstable working conditions. Based on these facts, the research in this article aims to find out more about employees’ satisfaction with working conditions and management’s engagement in preserving their health and safety. Thus, a multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) model based on the analyzed attitudes and opinions of employees was formed to reveal the interdependencies between working conditions resulting from the undertaken management activities, employee satisfaction and workplace safety. The results show that both nurses and drivers were least satisfied with working conditions during the pandemic while indicating those workplaces to be the most endangered. Additionally, the proposed model can be successfully applied to any type of organization to identify insufficiently effective management activities, address them accordingly and thereby improve the level of employee satisfaction.Item Negative effects of fast fashion on the environment(University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Technology, 2024) Urošević, Snežana; Urošević, Igor; Jovanović, MarinaDue to the development of fast fashion, the negative impacts of textile industry products on the environment have increased tremendously. Fast fashion is based on cheap products, usually of low quality and their products are based on trends, which is why their use stops after they stop being trendy, not because of their damage or loss of functionality. As fast fashion is based on the constant creation of new styles and clothes that are based on them and that are sold at very low prices, the products are used in a faster way for one or at most two seasons and then thrown away. The development of fast fashion has led to an extremely large increase in the amount of clothing that is thrown away, despite the fact that it is still completely usable. In this way, large amounts of waste are created, which in most cases are difficult to recycle, which is why they are disposed of in landfills. The relevance of this work lies in the increasing interest in environmental protection. The aim of this paper is to provide a contribution to the understanding of the complex problems arising from large amounts of textile waste that negatively affect the environment, as well as to offer solutions to reduce the negative effects in order to preserve the environment and promote the sustainability of the textile industry.Item Analysis of business processes in railways and public enterprises of Serbia(University of Belgrade, Technical faculty in Bor, 2024) Marković, Filip; Urošević, SnežanaManaging an organization of any kind and achieving its goals, especially in terms of increasing effectiveness, efficiency and realization of set goals and strategies, requires a thorough understanding of its internal functioning and structure. It is crucial to understand that the organization's activities are realized through a series of connected and goal-oriented business processes. Through the review of the conceptual definition of business processes and the consideration of models for their analysis, the specifics of the application of these processes in the context of the railway and the public sector in the Republic of Serbia are explored. The current context of research in the field of business processes in Serbia is analyzed, with a focus on the characteristics of the railway and public sectors.Item Supply chains and logistics of transport in SME textile and clothing industry(Union of Engineers and Textile Technicians of Serbia, Belgrade, 2024) Dimitrijević, Dragan; Dimitrijević, Natalija; Gligorijević, Jasmina; Urošević, Snežana; Adamović, Živoslav; Cvetković, FilipToday, in times of general globalization of business, efficient business optimization measures are necessary, as well as innovative ways of organizing supply chains and transport systems, which are based on the exploitation of invariant and adaptable possibilities, i.e. on the efficient exploitation of information system flexibile modules, with a high degree of automation of all activities and comprehensive implementation of ICT. By the way, one of the most important links in the process of business or production supply chains for companies in the textile and clothing industry is the transport of materials and goods, which with its adequate technological or organizational solutions enables cost reduction and increase in productivity and business efficiency, thereby strengthening the competitiveness of the company. These are precisely the elements of innovative logistics of transport systems that, as key components in the supply chain organize, regulate and monitor the process of transport (goods and materials) and adequate storage, but also optimize the control of process stocks, finished products and raw materials, with minimal costs and acceptable impact on the environment, which enables an increase in the effectiveness and economic efficiency of all technical and organizational systems. Based on the current global state of the clothing industry, as well as trends in business, the future development of supply chains and logistics of transport (of all kinds) can be anticipated as a diffusion spillover in the field of artificial intelligence and virtual show or quantum computing, with self-regulation and taking appropriate actions, with a direct prediction of anomalies in logistics costs and performance, as well as in the needs of artificial intelligence and automation of some parts or complete areas of business processes, whereby as a result, the obvious need for quantitative-qualitative strengthening and increasing the capabilities of human resources will be imposed.Item Photocatalytic degradation of naphthalene, using various nanocomposite materials mostly based on metal oxides(Inženjersko društvo za koroziju, Beograd, 2024) Nedelkovski, Vladan; Radovanović, Milan; Alagić, SlađanaPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) cause significant environmental and health concerns, necessitating effective remediation strategies. Specifically, biological treatments are only effective for PAH compounds with lower molecular weights, while for the efficient elimination of more complex PAH structures, the photocatalytic method is more recommended. Photocatalytic degradation has primarily relied on TiO2-based materials. However, this review focuses on the utilization of various nanomaterials for the degradation or total removal of naphthalene from the environment, and especially from wastewater. Precisely speaking, the photocatalytic activity of various nanocomposite materials containing (predominately) metal oxides is discussed, with an emphasis on photocatalytic degradation mechanisms and the identification of degradation intermediates. Key findings reveal that these materials hold substantial promise, and that photogenerated holes, superoxide radicals, and hydroxyl radicals play crucial roles in the degradation processes, highlighting additionally the unique mechanisms of these processes. Important information about the intermediates and pathways of naphthalene photodegradation discussed in the mechanisms of degradation has been confirmed using gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS).Item Valorization of zinc from the eaf dust using the hydrometallurgical process(Mining and Metallurgy Institute Bor, 2024) Trifunović, Vanja; Milić, Snežana; Avramović, Ljiljana; Božić, DraganaSince the dust from the electric arc furnace (EAF dust) contains a high percentage of zinc in its composition, it can be used as a secondary raw material for zinc valorization. After characterization the original sample of the EAF dust, it was treated using the hydrometallurgical process. After the applied hydrometallurgical treatment of the EAF dust, a pregnant leaching solution, rich in zinc and other impurities, was obtained. To valorize zinc, and obtain the commercial quality ZnSO4·H2O product, the impurities were removed by purification the pregnant leaching solution through the processes of neutralization and cementation. From the purified pregnant leaching solution, using the evaporation and crystallization processes, a product was obtained and its characteristics are in accordance with the characteristics of the ZnSO4·H2O product on the market. The fact that ZnSO4·H2O is the only crystalline phase in the obtained zinc product, it was confirmed by the XRD analysis.Item Impact of the textile industry on the environment(Union of Engineers and Textile Technicians of Serbia, Belgrade, 2024) Jovanović, Marina; Urošević, SnežanaThe topicality of the topic of this research work lies in the growing interest in environmental protection in the context of the textile industry. The textile industry has become one of the key actors in the discussions on environmental protection, given its complexity and significant impact on the ecological balance. This paper investigates the specific challenges and problems that the textile industry presents to the environment, analyzes various aspects of its impact, and presents possible strategies and solutions to reduce negative effects. Through a detailed analysis of current events, trends, and needs in society, the research focuses on identifying key points for intervention and improving the sustainability of the textile industry. This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of the complex problems arising from the impact of the textile industry on the environment, as well as to offer practical guidelines for addressing these challenges at the current time. The results of this research can serve as a basis for further discussions and decision-making to preserve the environment and promote the sustainability of the textile industry.Item Proceedings - VII International Scientific Conference Contemporary Trends and Innovations in the Textile Industry, CT&ITI, Belgrade, 19-20th September, 2024(Union of Engineers and Textile Technicians of Serbia, Belgrade, 2024) Urošević, SnežanaItem Praktikum iz analitičke hemije - Kvantitativna hemijska analiza(Univerzitet u Beogradu, Tehnički fakultet u Boru, 2024) Kalinović, TanjaItem Innovative entrepreneurship as a key factor in creating a sustainable textile and fashion industry(Union of Engineers and Textile Technicians of Serbia, Belgrade, 2024) Kokeza, Gordana; Josipović, Sonja; Urošević, SnežanaThis paper studies the impact of applying innovative entrepreneurship in the process of realizing sustainable business practices in the textile and fashion industry. The paper begins with the main characteristics of sustainable development which tries to reconcile economic, ecological and social aims, and which is realized through a large number of activities manifested in the principles of green and circular economy, bioeconomy, waste management, clean technologies etc. Firstly, the necessity of applying new business models based on innovation and sustainability is studied closely, then the attention is directed to the possibility of their application in the textile and fashion industry. Special attention in this paper is devoted to the role of innovative entrepreneurship in sustainable business practices in this sector. The conclusion is that the textile and fashion industry have considerable opportunities for the application of innovative entrepreneurship and the realization of the sustainable development principles, as well as that innovative entrepreneurship today represents one of the main driving forces of its innovative sustainable business models.Item Innovation of using 3D printing for textile fibers(Union of Engineers and Textile Technicians of Serbia, Belgrade, 2024) Njegoš Dragović; Urošević, Snežana; Vuković, MilovanTextile fibers are produced in a natural way, and more and more often we have the opportunity to see impossible textile structures that retain desirable properties, such as non-creasing, long-term coloring, temperature stability, resistance to insects and the like. For the expansion of the use of printed textiles, a well-organized system in which technology is connected with economy, ecology, resources, informatics and marketing will have a great merit. Many filament (material) input methodologies are similar, and the difference is in the materials used, as well as in the process of general application and combining and joining of materials, so that the product is used for a long time. Fashion trends are something that negatively affects products, but this is solved by recycling and refurbishing clothes or shoes. The key moment for the development of 3D printing in the textile industry will be widely available printing technology, broadband internet and broad social acceptance of innovative materials. This paper presents the technologies that use different filaments in the production of textile fibers, and then also final products that do not have to be only clothing, but also for the needs of construction, defense and agriculture. The reason that every industry is looking for the use of artificial material that has similar characteristics to natural ones, where some properties will be improved and competitive in the market.Item Application of a simple pretreatment in the process of acid leaching of electric arc furnace dust(MDPI, 2024) Trifunović, Vanja; Milić, Snežana; Avramović, Ljiljana; Bugarin, Mile; Đorđievski, Stefan; Antonijević, Milan; Radovanović, MilanExperimental investigations of the effectiveness of the pretreatment of the acid leaching process of a representative sample of electric arc furnace dust (EAF dust) and characterization of a representative sample were performed. As EAF dust is globally defined as hazardous solid industrial waste, and it contains a high percentage of zinc and other useful components, in this paper, the application of pretreatment will be carried out in order to increase the efficiency of the further process of acid leaching, all with the aim of using EAF dust as a secondary raw material for metal valorization. The pretreatment involved the application of a simple process of leaching the EAF dust sample with distilled water. Under the following defined optimal leaching conditions: time—30 min, ratio of solid to liquid phase—1:10, temperature—ambient, and stirring speed—500 rpm, a reduction in the content of water-soluble components was achieved, namely, 83% Cl, 92% K, 74% Na, 14% Cd, 15% Ca, and 19% F. The application of the pretreatment enables significantly better filtration of the suspension and increases the leaching efficiency of zinc and other useful components in the further process of leaching EAF dust with a sulfuric acid solution, compared with the process of direct acid leaching of EAF dust.Item Electrochemical sensors for determination of antibiotics(University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty in Bor, 2024) Simonović Ana; Petrović Mihajlović, Marija; Radovanović, Milan; Tasić, Žaklina; Antonijević, MilanIn today's pharmaceutical practise, antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections because they are easy to use, inexpensive and effective. For this reason, they are very often prescribed for the treatment of humans and animals. However, the continuous and long-term use of antibiotics has led to the need to detect and determine their presence in a large number of different samples using appropriate sensors. However, electrodes used for electrochemical analysis can perform poorly as their surface can be easily contaminated by analytes or intermediates of electrochemical reactions. To solve these problems, many researchers have focused on modifying the relevant electrodes to achieve better performance.Item Tectonic evolution of the Circum-Moesian orocline of the Carpatho-Balkanides: Paleomagnetic constraints(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Marton, Emo; Cvetkov, Vesna; Banjesević, Miodrag; Imre, Gabor; Pačevski, AleksandarThe areas of the present study in eastern Serbia, the Danubicum and the Timok Magmatic Complex (TMC, part of the Geticum) are situated between the Vardar Zone and Moesia. The first is Moesia derived and thrust over the Geticum during the latest Cretaceous, the second represents the central segment of the subduction related Apuseni-Banat-Timok-Srednogorie (ABTS) metallogenic belt. The new results, based on 18 geographically distributed sampling points (228 field oriented drill cores) imply large CW vertical axis rotations for the Upper Jurassic (Lower Cretaceous) carbonates of the Danubicum and a moderate one for the Upper Cretaceous igneous and sedimentary rocks from the TMC. These, together with earlier published paleomagnetic data provide kinematic constraints to test the circum-Moesian backarc-convex orocline model. The strike test plot clearly documents that it is a progressive arc. The starting situation at the time of the volcanic activity in the metallic belt (90–70 Ma) must have been a generally E-W oriented S segment, continuing in NNW-SSE oriented ABT segments. The present geometry of the circum-Moesian belt, in the context of Miocene paleomagnetic results from the Vardar Zone and the Apuseni Mts, is interpreted as the result of two main tectonic processes. The first is an about 30◦ vertical axis CW rotation which took place in coordination with the Vardar Zone (20–17 Ma). The second is an additional 40–65◦ CW rotation (17–15 Ma) involving also the Danubicum, due to the subduction pull of the E Carpathians in combination with the corner effect of Moesia.Item The relationship between PM10 and meteorological parameters close to the mining area(University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty in Bor, 2024) Veličković, Milica; Voza, DanijelaPM10 is one of the most dangerous air pollutants and represents a serious environmental and health problem. Its concentration is influenced by many factors, among which meteorological parameters stand out as the most important. In this sense, this study aimed at exploring the relationship between PM10 and meteorological variables (atmospheric temperature (AT), barometric pressure (BPR) and relative humidity (RH)) in rural area near copper mine. The data about meteorological parameters and PM10 concentrations were collected for 2019–2022. The dataset was divided into two periods (cold and warm) to analyze potential seasonal variations. The correlation analysis was employed in order to investigate the relationship between the observed variables. The results have shown that coefficient of correlation is positive and statistically significant, but very low between PM10 and AT and BPR, and negative between PM10 and RH, for both periods.Item Etička pitanja u praksi odnosa s javnošću(University of Belgrade, Technical faculty in Bor, 2024) Vuković, Milovan; Voza, Danijela; Vuković, AleksandraOdnosi s javnošću (OSJ), značajan deo medijske industrije, predstavljaju funkciju menadžmenta koja pomaže u uspostavljanju i odražvanju korisnih veza između organizacije i deoničara. Razvoj odnosa s javnošću kao profesije obično se sagledava kao otklon od neetičke prakse, koja je dominirala decenijama u periodu posle 1920-ih godina, prema strateški i etički vođenim kampanjama u savremenom poslovanju. Ipak, kada se sagledava praksa OSJ u prvim decenijama XXI veka, javljaju se u brojne nedoumice u vezi sa etičkim dilemama, problemima, i, sledstveno tome, procesom donošenja etički zasnovanih odluka. Glavni cilj ovog rada je da razmotri ulogu etike u razvoju OSJ. U radu se u tom smislu diskutuju osnovni etički principi koji počivaju na utilitarizmu, deontologiji, sutuacionoj etici i etici vrline. U radu se takođe analiziraju etički problemi koji se najčešće javljaju u savremenoj praksi OSJ.Item Possibility of zinc and cadmium recovery from hazardous industrial waste – EAF dust(University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty in Bor, 2024) Trifunović, Vanja; Milić, Snežana; Avramović, LjiljanaElectric arc furnace dust (EAF dust) is a hazardous solid industrial waste that needs to be disposed of in an adequate manner primarily for environmental protection. However, due to the high content of zinc and other useful components found in it, EAF dust can also be considered as a secondary raw material for their recovery. In this paper, experimental investigations of the application of hydrometallurgical treatment of the EAF dust to zinc and cadmium recovery were carried out. The treatment was carried out in two phases: 1st phase - pretreatment, 2nd phase - leaching with sulfuric acid. The leaching rate of monitored elements in the second stage of treatment was examined depending on the concentration of H2SO4 and the duration of the process. The highest Zn leaching rate of 65% and Cd of 80% were achieved at a concentration of H2SO4 of 1.50 M in a time of 20 min, at ambient temperature, and a S:L ratio=1:4.