Sustainable production of graphene oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles from spent Zn-C batteries

Stanković, Sonja; Nedelkovski, Vladan; Radovanović, Milan; Đorđievski, Stefan; Medić, Dragana; Milić, Snežana

doi:10.5937/IMPRC25537S

Conference Object Open access M33

Stankovic et al. - IMPRC2025.pdf (1.00MB)

2025

Stanković, Sonja
Nedelkovski, Vladan
Radovanović, Milan
Đorđievski, Stefan
Medić, Dragana
Milić, Snežana

University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty in Bor

Proceedings - XVI International Mineral Processing and Recycling Conference, IMPRC, 28 – 30 May 2025, Belgrade, Serbia

537

542

English

M33 - Conference paper at an international conference, printed in full

Zinc-carbon (Zn-C) batteries are the primary cells [1] used in numerous portable electronic devices worldwide due to their low cost, good durability and simple production technology [2,3]. The Zn-C battery contains graphite as the cathode, a mixture of manganese dioxide and carbon moistured with NH4Cl/KCl as the electrolyte and a zinc container as the anode [4]. Since spent Zn-C batteries cannot be recharged and their proper storage is very expensive, spent Zn-C batteries are usually disposed of directly in landfills [5]. The improper disposal of Zn-C batteries in the environment not only leads to waste of Zn, Mn and C resources [6], but also to environmental pollution [3,7]. Recently, numerous research teams have focused their attention on recycling Zn-C batteries as an optimal solution to reduce the amount of waste, protect natural resources, the environment and human health [1,3-5,8].

Recycling, Zn-C batteries, Zinc oxide, Graphene oxide

DOI

10.5937/IMPRC25537S

ISBN

978-86-6305-158-4

URI

https://repozitorijum.tfbor.bg.ac.rs/handle/...

Scopus

OpenCitations

dc.rights.license	CC-BY-NC-ND
dc.date.available	2025-12-06T09:32:02Z
dc.date.issued	2025
dc.identifier.isbn	978-86-6305-158-4
dc.identifier.doi	10.5937/IMPRC25537S
dc.identifier.uri	https://repozitorijum.tfbor.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6035
dc.description.abstract	Zinc-carbon (Zn-C) batteries are the primary cells [1] used in numerous portable electronic devices worldwide due to their low cost, good durability and simple production technology [2,3]. The Zn-C battery contains graphite as the cathode, a mixture of manganese dioxide and carbon moistured with NH4Cl/KCl as the electrolyte and a zinc container as the anode [4]. Since spent Zn-C batteries cannot be recharged and their proper storage is very expensive, spent Zn-C batteries are usually disposed of directly in landfills [5]. The improper disposal of Zn-C batteries in the environment not only leads to waste of Zn, Mn and C resources [6], but also to environmental pollution [3,7]. Recently, numerous research teams have focused their attention on recycling Zn-C batteries as an optimal solution to reduce the amount of waste, protect natural resources, the environment and human health [1,3-5,8].
dc.language.iso	en
dc.publisher	University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty in Bor
dc.source	Proceedings - XVI International Mineral Processing and Recycling Conference, IMPRC, 28 – 30 May 2025, Belgrade, Serbia
dc.subject	Recycling
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject	Zn-C batteries
dc.subject	Zinc oxide
dc.subject	Graphene oxide
dc.title	Sustainable production of graphene oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles from spent Zn-C batteries
dc.type	conferenceObject
dc.type.version	publishedVersion
dc.citation.spage	537
dc.citation.epage	542
dc.citation.rank	M33
dc.creator	Stanković, Sonja
dc.creator	Nedelkovski, Vladan
dc.creator	Radovanović, Milan
dc.creator	Đorđievski, Stefan
dc.creator	Medić, Dragana
dc.creator	Milić, Snežana
dc.date.accessioned	2025-12-06T09:32:02Z


Sustainable production of graphene oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles from spent Zn-C batteries	3


Stankovic et al. - IMPRC2025.pdf	0